Septic tank systems are required for every home and building that requires plumbing. These systems safely remove and treat waste water before returning the clean water to the water table. There are different types of septic systems available, including alternative septic systems. Alternative septic systems are usually installed in ‘difficult’ sites with conventional methods. The type of alternative chosen depends on the type of drain field, climate, and soil conditions.

The following are the different kinds of alternative septic systems:

Sand Filter Septic System: This septic system is used in an area that lacks enough soil for waste water treatment. The sand is used to treat the wastewater before it enters the drain field. The system consists of the septic tank, pump and pump chamber, sand filter, and drain field. The sand separates the pump tank from the drain field. As well, the sand is used replace the shortage of soil in the area where the tank is installed. The system can be installed above the ground or below the ground.

Aerobic Treatment Unit (ATU): This system uses oxygen as part of the break down process. The result is cleaner treated wastewater. The unit has an aeration chamber where bacteria reside. These vegetative microbes will break down and digest the waste. Aerobic treatment units will generate clean wastewater.

Mound Septic System: For the Mound Septic System, there is a particular type of drainage system that is elevated above ground level or directly on the ground surface. There is specific sand that is placed over the ground. Treatment of the wastewater involves the use of the sand. It is composed of a gravel bed that contains a network of pressurized pipes. The wastewater is delivered to a dosing tank. After it goes to the dosing tank, the water goes to the soil absorption field.

Gravity Septic System: This system utilizes gravity as the main part of the wastewater treatment process. By doing so, the wastewater travels through the septic tank into the drainage field. The drainage field consists of a group of trenches. The final treatment of the waste matter is done by the soil. A Gravity Septic System works best when there is dry soil. It is the most widely used alternative septic tank system.

Pressure Distribution System: This system is powered by dosing chambers and a series of small pipes. It provides dosing and resting cycles to ensure uniform wastewater is dispersed in the drainage field.

The first sign that a homeowner may need to switch from a conventional septic system to an alternative septic system is if they experience flooding or unusual water gathering in a backyard or field or if plumbers recommend it to them. Because there are a variety of different septic systems available, including alternative septic systems, it is important to understand the benefits of each system and determine which type of system is best for your property and home. When installing any type of septic system, the installation should only be performed by a professional to ensure it is done properly and safely.

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